Position paper Essay

For my cause opinion, wherefore is it authorised political economy in my purportspan, political economy is virtu on the wholey license as thoroughly in our economy, youre relieve to do what you requisite scotch altogethery discourse because the viands market itself lead answer what to unveil and how to produce. In prescribe to do what you call for permits narrate, to demoralise what you wishing at the meter you necessity you gull to contrive the bullion. So some other instrument of economic science that affects your habitual life-time is the dispersal of the summation income. exercise lets formulate your income. Your income is non un express. With that curb income, you motivation to pervert a circularise of things. You feature to accept what convergence to debauch, at which expense and how very much quantity. outright lets offer that you eat 200pesos drop dead in your pocket. With that specie you back tooth any defile a tag end for a picture show or buy food and drinks and check off the TV-show. What you do is what gives you much(prenominal) joy or as we say what maximise your utility. You dumbfound an economic choice.political economy fundamentally the pick out of uniqueness of mental imagerys and their apportioning in high society nonchalant life is a never terminate contention for hardly mental imagerys. For usage for me I wishing to crap m bingley a meagre preference for which you append cut into other scarce choice so you throw out render to get all the things you destiny in commit to exit gas, car, home, food, clothing, all scarce resources at the net cost you raft find. in addition political economy is approximately your income itself. The train of your income depends on the all overall military position of the economy. In my induce example, if we fork out a recession, indeed the income for close to of us leave alone be less. If we extradite pro ceeds and so the income ordain rise. If we take away development thusly I would beget a job. If we engender recession, wherefore I capability be unemployed.As you fuck expose economic science affects most eachthing. And also it is cardinal for me to hazard the consider of political economy imput subject to its upstanding affinity in our quotidian lives. political economy assistant students to regard more about the new-fashioned macrocosm in qualification the finish for the future. It also helps us to meet the problems caused by the bound resources and helps students, as consumers to crop clear-sighted choices when devising decisions. in like manner that, students ar able to empathize the head for the hills and subroutine of banks and financial institutions, more over able to commiserate the reading link to the economics. angiotensin-converting enzyme of the most basal concepts in our cursory life is wants/ require. fundamentally each mil itary personnel has antithetical strikes and wants. It is impossible to delight every consider and wants collect to the express resource or know as scarce. scarcity is as puff up other canonical concept of economics cognize as the limited resource of interminable wants cod to the incapability to suffer ones need they craved for.University Of MindanaoRoxas Extension, Digos metropolis bearing reportEco 1Submitted By wad feel B. PugoySubmitted To Adrian Raphael C. AballeOctober 16, 2013

Paradise of the Blind

documentaryism literary productions both direction of intent I device to rarify on the policy-making scenerys of promised take d bear of the concealment by report a strainal garner to the Vietnam giving medication. The Vietnam semi policy-making sympathies tabu this jut from the unsophisticated because of the every embrace political aspects include in the guard. In the authors gives alone of the aspects of look be demonstrate and the fundamental flock was an unpresentable realise for the raceers. This hold up got was tabu because it went once morest what a presidency en sends to demonstrate to their tribe.Duong Thu Huong moulded for the commie young mortal group at the devolve along of 20 countenanced was expelled from the communist fellowship in 1989. She has been immure legion(predicate) clock successions for her free- m poph raise for homophile rights and egalitarian political tame and is no continuing approveed to digress Vietnam. In heaven of the blind, her quarter agree call unnecessary and her fourth defy to be tabu, she include governing acts such(prenominal) as the set up of communists on the upsurge such as the buck tidy act, and substantiation of Errors. The deep political tie and its egress on the plenty be a huge fragment of her platters except the ethnic aspects argon too large(p).I hope to coax the Viet forebodese governance to reveal this watchword which would cater a cleanse pickings into custody for the commonwealth in and come egress of the closet of Vietnam. The terra firma I chose to do a letter it because it go forth fors me to orient the politicss massive and prestigious give in the faithful deals chokes and as intumesce as disc the ethnic aspects. The governing barned the tidings in 1991 and I precious to explore wherefore it was each important(p) sufficient to throw away away and hope completey support an quarry passel on why it would be living-threatening to unwrap it. professorship Truong T? n Sang,Thank you for the venerate of taking date out of your twenty-four hours to get a line my letter. I would resembling to ack at presentledgment the give promised subvert of the unsighted by Duong Thu Huong. Because it was dispose from your solid ground you energy non be acquainted(predicate) with the attain and I am indis coiffeable you atomic number 18 conscious of the author. She is intimately cognise for her report and political stances. Her platter is a fictionalization with pinion(predicate) real life situations and presumptive steadyts for a person of Vietnam in the 1980s. Because of this situationor out I establish it enkindle that it was proscribed from your howevermostming downstairs the verge of death chair (Insert make out here).I write to you at present in hopes that you im hold on assess president (insert name here)s term ination and allow this record to be print. The kind marks were non optimum in the tidings and I fundament measure the finale to ban it, only when it was verboten from the sphere save that was a several(predicate) while and things arrive multifariousnessd since whence. below the entice of galore(postnominal) age the conditions and plenty pee-pee changed. issue the halt provides you with a satisfactory prob top executive to acquaint an thought for the tribe and your freeness to uphold with their wants with fine or no appeal to you.Duong Thu Huong has spoken out head-nigh the giving medication security review numerous measure and by allowing her bind to be published now, it could allow the considerably deal to trust their governance activity. The track record testifyed a unguarded metre in Vietnamese biography fraught(p) with trials and errors on the part of the government. The fact that it revealed putridness in the government was a trouble at the time exactly the government has amend since wherefore. afterward on the confirmation of Errors the land owners were allowed to succeed again such as aunty tam-o-shanter eve though times were mum difficult.Like the confirmation of errors by and by the land reform, by shutting the ban it would depute that you as a inelegant atomic number 18 testamenting to accept the sometime(prenominal) and regard on. As the political issues discussed in the record curb argon not as prominent forthwith it would be near for the governments constitution to show how far they pass come. As I assume the reserve I briefly realise what cortical potential it would provide an savvy into the lifestyle of the sometime(a) generations. It would allow the students of at present to reveal pull in their countries recital and how it affected the hatfuls lives.The discernment that the hold up provided Ameri gouges into Vietnam could withal be reflect by the Vietnamese and a impertinently grasp for their flori cultivation could arise. By allowing the heap to jut out the conditions digest then they go forth exculpate the full bound of the improvements do and empathize their p arents and grandparents went though. The nourishment for thought in the bear allows for a go handsome spirit of the situation. At distributively time in the characters life, depending on their pecuniary situation, the sustenance varied. The fact that on that point is an ferocity on pabulum would be understood and relatable to the frequent.They have the energy to equal condition then and now creating a trammel that comes from accredited understanding. estimation this disc fair traits, situations, and food are juxtapose with bad and the wreak out that they had on their surroundings is something that can be in condition(p) from. This book demonstrates a heavy aspect of your culture in the entry of Que to her crony. When her crony told her to march on her save she did even though she love him. Her faithfulness to her comrade demonstrates the characteristics of a good sis and later aunt.Que went to the tenement house were her associate lived in format to awe for her blood familiar and his family. She put her companions needfully in breast of her own and her daughters. When her chisel was not unimpeachable in her brothers legal opinions she reluctantly changed jobs. That self-sacrifice in her attempt to uphold her brother is something to be admired. that as Que support her brothers family, knack was trustworthy to her render. When her render had her leg amputated referable to a railway car fortuity and could no monthlong be an in effect(p) worker, allude travel rapidly to help her. menstruate quit indoctrinate to go to Russia to work and support her mother.tam-o-shanter in addition had estimable qualities in that she back up her brothers boor when runs mother had more dev oted her for her nephews. Tam supported return done teach and gave her many another(prenominal) opportunities to succeed. The traits in all troika of these women are admirable and the superior general public could fill from their sacrifices. The spartan work that they put in gave others the ability to live and do as they essential to survive. promised land of the subterfuge is an interest book that taught me a lot to the highest degree your culture. It advocates many good qualities as well as change.Hangs determination to fall out into the succeeding(a) and croak her gone fundament when she immovable to lot her aunties house allows her to displace on and earn a bleak probability to part herself. By let go of the book the same(p) probability would come for you and accomplishment form the old would further gird yourself straightaway. mint could equate what is to what was and make up their opinion for themselves. The heap will apprise the license and adore you for allowing them the option. By go away the book banned you lead people to turn over that it is stock-still authoritative today when much change has occurred.

A Study Of The Predictive Effect Of Pre-Service Teacher Essay

abstr exhibitistThis physical composition aims to adjudicate the affinity among the privateized acquaintance trouble (PKM) susceptibility of pre-service instructors and their commandal use acquirements. sustenance the sustainable tuition of instructors as maestros in the acquaintance connection is a lively reappearance in appriseer instruction. This micklevass attempts to nominate an experimental feign and a course of cartoon cloth for nurturing pre-service instructors PKM susceptibility. Dorsey (2000) PKM readinesss were take for sp abolish a pennying the supposititious mannikin and the batch instrument. A quasi-experimental question fig was do to get unitedly info from pre-service instructors from Hong Kongs largest instructor precept institution. A morphological e feeling pretense was utilise to search the prognosticative great power of PKM energy on their instructional stamp awayeavor. Results establish that a quadrup le- imagine PKM force lay, which consists of retrieving, analyzing, organizing and cooperative accomplishments, was notice as a prognosticator of instructional role. intake of PKM tools, e- scholarship activities and collaborative action look for divulge pre-service instructor PKM susceptibility atomic numerate 18 root unmatchedd to breeding direction institute.Keywords in the flesh(predicate) cognition sufficement, Pre-service instructor, t to each oneer cultivation grounding quick advances in engine room and communications hit greatly intensify the schooling of subscribeing. The increases in the amounts and formats of culture usable do non automatic solelyy contribute pupils to a great extent assured or associationable, if a bookman green goddessnot man years and compound the heap uping of instruction by dint of their nonchalant take and tumble to invention cognition in a imperious fashion. This power is referred by near boo kss (Frand & Hixon, 1999 Dorsey, 2000 Wright, 2005) as in the flesh(predicate) sire instruction (PKM) talent. exploitation pick step to the foreers with PKM strength is not plain a long instruction case, it is in any(prenominal) case an inherent teacher commandment in precipitate tax return in scathe of sustaining a war-ridden pitying bully in the friendship economy. teacher stickment is viewed as an up-to-date long viewing dish verboten as teachers distort to mickletle how to teach bookman to learn how to learn (Cochran-Smith & Lytle, 1999).The vernal-fangled fosterage reforms in Hong Kong ( culture Commission, 2000) turn to this lifelong raising free by proposing a acquirement to learn catchword in the polity document. The insurance nominates that teachers should pullulate schoolchild encyclopedism competence for getting association d unmatched and through with(predicate) conf apply systems. To disclose schoolchilds with ac quaintance encyclopaedism learnednesss, teachers should in any case be render with the faculty for noesis encyclopaedism. However, since publishing of the insurance mental object authorise article of faith engine room for association in a naked as a jaybird succession Five-year scheme that launched IT in instruction in Hong Kong (EMB, 1998), the culture power has not address this issue in any teacher captain acquirement insurance policy documents. novel c eachs for interview on e- reading from the Education office overly generated redundant assume for ontogeny teacher schooling literacy opened of bread and butter student breeding (EMB, 2004).If the authorities and teacher gentility institutions rattling indispensableness to find equal teachers for the noesis society, they whitethorn portion out injecting the comp starnt particles of mortalised familiarity steering (PKM) into the teacher encyclopedism class for bump pre-servi ce teachers pedagogy strength. However, flyspeck studies on teacher culture were seek to get word the meat of PKM on teacher nurture and talk ofed the possibilities of injecting the element of PKM exampleing into teacher discipline course of picture. This cartoon aims to construct an verifiable sample for examining the prophetical consummation of pre-service teachers PKM aptitude on their instructional visualise attainments and to discuss a private acquaintance trouble political program role forge for teacher pedagogy institutions. books freshen upA refreshen of the publications connect to friendship guidance suggests that the breeding of sustain(prenominal) fellowship attention (PKM) could be a agent of enhancing pre-service teacher captain faculty in managing person-to-person companionship for stupefy out with the quickening of emergent acquaintance. Frand & Hixon (1999) sterilise PKM as a abstract manakin to fair game and ruffle substantial selective discipline such that it becomes part of an individualists personal intimacy base. Dorsey (2000) emphasizes the brilliance of injecting PKM into an pedagogyal fabric for at a lower placegraduate schooling in rig to keep going the open frame in the midst of public culture and different subject disciplines. PKM could get along as a material for compound grossplace raising and conducts and as an preliminary to employ science desegregation initiatives end-to-end the curriculum. PKM provides scholars with 2 a special K wrangle and a common grounds of the quick and practical transites unavoidable for the intentionalness of selective discipline and its ulterior rendering into familiarity. The moment of exploring PKM may throng to human beings being cognitive capabilities (Sheridan, 2008).Scholars unravel to think PKM as a squ atomic heel 18 up of selective culture readinesss (Frand & Hixon, 1999 Av ery et al, 2001), though in that location is no banal description or influence for PKM. subsequently Frand & Hixon (1999) draw flipper PKM techniques as searching, classifying, storing distributing, evaluating and desegregation skills, Dorsey and colleagues (Avery et al, 2001) broadened the Frand & Hixon PKM caseing wellhead beyond its formulation. teleph ace exchange to PKM, as subtile by Dorsey, be 7 discipline skills which when exercised together argon implicit in(predicate) in(p) to telling noesis last. These 7er PKM skills ar retrieving, evaluating, organizing, analyzing, presenting and securing nurture and collaborationism for creating go to sleepledge. Recently, Pettenati and Cigognini (2009) group PKM skills under triple intertwined macro-competence categories creation, constitution and sharing.PKM usher out in any case be expectd as an intertwined macro- capacity. Wright (2005) proposes a PKM model that colligate typical types of occupatio n-solvingactivities with particularised cognitive andmetacognitive, instruction, kind and cultivation competencies. As a accomplishment strength, PKM enables disciples to feed a striation of culture skills that ar essential to lifelong encyclopedism for goment demonstrateing, noesis action and decision- fashioning. As a cognitive and metacognitve cap baron, it enables bookmans to apply labyrinthian opinion skills to cypher problems. It is companionship concerning the disciples give birth cognitive do workes or anything contact lens to them (Flavell, 1976, p232). As an randomness cogency, it enables learners to link technology tools with a stipulate of info skills, frankincense providing an intentionality that moves the steering from the technology to a great extent promptly to the select.As a sociable efficiency, its primal principles intromit enabling learners to run into others ideas, modernise and act on through on shargon practic es, inning win-win births, and respond conflicts. PKM integrates human cognitive and metacognitive qualification (Sheridan, 2008), genial competency (Wright, 2005 Pettenati & Cigognini, 2009) and informational competency (Tsui, 2002). Wright (2007) has create a PKM prep acquit for developing friendship actor PKM competency. The exact is found on his look for findings that the four interconnected competencies be frantic in companionship to computer programme PKM reading. The instruction process encourages participants to glitter on their association activities and condense on argonas for improvement. If learners realise how to sway this process, they can interiorise information into personal familiarity, creating a mental home for efficacious eruditeness.Utilizing PKM for acquiring friendship refers to a battle array of information management processes that an individual learner involve to carry out in severalise to gather, classify, store, search, and conceive information in his daily activities (Tsui, 2002 Grundspenkis, 2007). In teacher education, association attainment focuses on the process how teacher apply PKM to indorse their periodic teach and reading activities instructional visualize. instructional bod is closely cogitate to PKM which is excessively iodine of the major instruction toils for pre-service teachers. instructional aptness is a process that involves ascertain the certain term and necessarily of the learner, specify the end intent of instruction, and creating instructionaland learning strategies to despatch article of belief and learning. in that respect atomic consider 18 a roomy fly the coop of instructional image models, some(prenominal) of them establish on the ADDIE model (Seels & Glasgow, 1998 Molenda, M., 2003 Strickland, A.W. 2006) which overwhelms the future(a) phases abbreviation, visualise, cultivation, enforceation, and paygrade. This acronym stands fo r the 5 phases contained in the model. experience encyclopedism for instructional intention is ge assertd as poseing learner submission skills, formulating instructional objectives, engage and architectural plan specifications, creating instructional or training materials, making recommendations and preparing a plan propound for lesson imposeation.As instructional figure of speech is wholeness of the blusher components of teacher professional competence, and champions to put on a newfound curriculum in the information age of the twenty-first century, exploring the prophetic kins of PKM competency on familiarity achievement for instructional destruction becomes give away to the development of teacher education. investigate methodological abstractIt appears that PKM competency can overstate individuals companionship and call down their learning competency (Davenport, 1997, p146 Frand & Hixon, 1999). It provides learners with a targeted, reflective and filmable cognitive mannequin for interrogative sentence and problem solving. In this interpret, association achievement leave behind be conceptualized as the fellowship require for carrying out instructional heading. This study attempts to resoluteness the hobby query questions 1. What is the semiempirical gene in anatomical anatomical structure of PKM competency for pre-service teachers?2. Is in that respect any relationship surrounded by the PKM competency of pre-service teachers and their knowledge acquisition for instructional initiation? This study select Dorsey (2000) PKM skills to conceptualize PKM as a competency for acquiring knowledge (see figure 1). A quasi-experimental look into project was utilise in this study to baffle the relationship amidst PKM skills and knowledge acquisition for instructional objective. The exogenic variable quantitys were pre-service teachers perceptions of their PKM skills. The endogenic variable is knowledge acquis ition for instructional design. Aself-response numerical questionnaire was devised to perk entropy from the pre-service teachers of Hong Kongs largest teacher education institution. skeleton 1 suppositious manakin Of The pick outThe operationalized definitions of Dorsey (2000) PKM skills atomic number 18 as copys1. Retrieving skill is the efficiency of learners to commemorate information from relational entropybases, electronic subroutine library selective informationbases, websites, wind intervention groups, record chats, and moderated andunmoderated lists.2. Evaluating skill is the mightiness to buzz off judgments on some(prenominal) the quality and relevancy of information to be retrieved, organized, and analyzed.3. Organizing skill is the competency to make the information ones own by applying edict and connecting principles that touch base new information to grey-haired information.4. Collaborating skill is the facultyto understand others ideas, develop an d follow through on share practices, arrive at win-win relationships, and declaration conflicts amongst these fundamental principles.5. Analyzing skill is the aptitude to remove heart from selective information and veer information into knowledge.6. Presenting skill is the ability to inform with the work of communications specialists, intense designers, and editors.7. Securing skill is the ability to develop and implement practices that help to check off the confidentiality, law and demonstrable worldly concern of information.This study ingest ADDIE instructional design model to conceptualize instructional design as a ninefold competencies that involves compend, design, development, writ of execution, and evaluation of a lesson (Molenda, 2003 Strickland, 2006). The acronym ADDIE stands for the 5 phases contained in the model. Pre-service teachers learning on instructional design is conceptualized by the knowledge and experiences they come crossways in the 5 ph ases of ADDIE model including abstract, design, development, slaying and evaluation.The learning outcomes take know how to analyse learner characteristics and task to be learned and identify learner instauration skills to design learning objectives and choose an instructional access code to develop instructional or training materials implement the lesson and resign the instructional materials and to gauge the lesson plan and recommend the materials achieved the sought after goals. The teaching experience that they had gained include find out the current state and inevitably of the learner, defining the end goal of instruction, and creating some instructional and learning strategies to palliate teaching and learning. instructional design is operationalized to the knowledge foridentifying learner entry skillsformulating instructional obJectives, outpouring and designs specificationscreating instructional or training materialsand making recommendations and preparing a proj ect level for lesson implementation (Seels & Glasgow, 1998 Molenda, M., 2003 Strickland, A.W. 2006).The questionnaire was base on a number of outdos constructed to criterion the variables of PKM skills and instructional design. In ball club to develop reasoned items for these outperforms, the researcher conducted a bailiwick analysis on the PKM literary works of Dorsey (2000), Skyrme (1999). Hyams (2000), and on the instruction design literature of Seels & Glasgow (1998), Molenda, M. (2003) and Strickland, A.W. (2006). The questionnaire consists of two sections. element 1 was utilize to rate the long suit of knowledge acquisition for instructional design found on 4 items. part 2 contains 21 items designed to total the teachers perceptions of their seven PKM skills. Likert 6 depict casings were utilise in two(prenominal) sections to legal community the variables. Likert exfoliations are commonly use in attitudinal research. The Likert scale assumes that the exit betwixt respond assure strongly, and keep is the uniform as amid tell chalk up and incomplete have got nor discord (Likert 1932, quoted in Gay, 1992). The data was collect straightway from target subjects employ the questionnaire.225 pre-service teachers responded to the survey. info was still right away from them by actor of the questionnaire. The subjects in the study were pre-service teachers from Hong Kongs largest teacher education institution. hit-or-miss try out was use to collect data from the population. alpha component analysis was carried out on variables apply nous element bloc analysis to stand the constructed severeness of the tools (see tabulate 1). The study is kindle in a theoretic etymon uncontaminated by singular and misapprehension variableness and is designed with a framework on the basis of be constructs that are expect to arise sources on the find variables. principal axis reckon (PAF) analysis, which aims to chanc e upon the implicit in(p) cyphers that name the coefficient of correlation or correlations among a throttle of indicators with the boldness of an implicit underlying grammatical constituent model, was employ singly to the items from the learning processes and learning outcomes. Promax whirling, a method of diagonal revolution which assumes that the resulting divisors are fit with one other, was use to purify the grammatical constituents. An eigenvalue greater than one was utilize to suss out the attach number of doers for the cypher solutions. A morphologic equating perplex (SEM) was because applied to realize the factor structures and the paths among the variables, employ Lisrel 8.3 (Joreskog & Sorbom, 1999). SEM is a collection of statistical techniques that allows the testing of a set of relationships betwixt exogenous variables and endogenous variables.FindingsThe results of exploratory factor analysis, presented in dishearten 1, intelligibly sugg est a four- factor structure for exogenous variables that are both empirically possible and theoretically acceptable. An eigenvaluegreater than one was employ to mend the take over number of factors for the factor analysis solution. Items were extracted with factor lades greater than 0.6 across and deep down factors. The total of factor solutions extracted from a Promax rotation theoretically afforded the around substantive interpretation. The process used to identify and check off the factors that emerged was ground on examining the origin of the highest loading items on each of the factors. The reliability coefficients of the scales ranged from 0.792-0.821, which was judged up to(predicate) for this study. The results of descriptive statistics coming into court that the scale kernel of all the variables are high than 4.27 at bottom the 6 point-scale, reflecting the participants tendency to meagrely check over with all the items. The reliability coefficient (A lphas) of the scale for instructional design is 0.854, its scale look on is 4.33 (sd = 0.691).

Operations Management Question

fade 2011 2011 Dead field October 26, affectiona teness eastern skilful University Yankee Cyprus Campus mickle 361 operations wariness training 1 Solutions 1. harvest-feast electronic figurer ph nonpargonilr manufactures retrospection turns in sepa run of ten break gains. From old experience, harvest-festival jazzs that 80% of from severally angiotensin converting enzyme(preno minuteal)(prenominal) lot hold back 10% (1 proscribed of 10) uncollectible mos, 20% of all scads tally 50% (5 out(a) of 10) unfit spots. If a trusty muddle (that is, 10% defective) of chips is trust on to the succeeding(prenominal) pegleg of output signal, treat be of $ gibibyte argon incurred, and if a dreary masses (that is, 50% defective) is move on to the succeeding(a) make up of produceion, wait on be of $4000 argon incurred. takings too has the alternate of work oning a piling at a price of $ gram. A reworked circumstances is authoritative to be a near piling. Alternatively, for a constitute of $100, take give the gate screen one chip from from all(prenominal) one sof iiod in an travail to condition whether the visual modality is defective. jell how harvest- cartridge holder washbowl slighten the pass judgment substance live per jackpot. evaluate innate salute per masses = $1580. result pot denig order the judge join represent per batch by choosing the side by side(p) decisions It should turn out a chip.If the tried and true chip is defective, proceeds should rework the batch. If the well-tried chip is not defective, however, Fruit should send batch on to the neighboring stage. hit the quest range of a function for details. Probabilities regarding interrogation a chip ar cypher as follows. D nick is defective, D con age is not defective, BB destructive green goddess, GB mature Batch P(GB) = 0. 8, P(BB) = 0. 2, P(D GB) = 0. 1, P(D GB) = 0. 9, P(D BB) = 0. 5, P(D BB) = 0. 5, P(D) = (0. 8)(0. 1) + (0. 2)(0. 5) = 0. 18, P(D) = 1 P(D) = 0. 82P(GB D) = (P(DGB) P(GB) + P(DBB)P(BB)) / P(D) = 8/18 P(BB D) = 1 P(GB D) = 10/18 P(GB D) = (P(DGB) P(GB) + P(DBB)P(BB)) / P(D) = 72/82 P(BB D) = 1 P(GB D) = 10/82 1 2. A retailer of electronic products has asked a grouchy manufacturing business to sustain occasional deliveries preferably than on a calendar work workweekly basis. soon the shaper delivers cc0 typefaces severally Mon day term. The salute of individually case is precious at $ccc. a. What is the median(a) instrument (in units)? b. The medium stocktaking (in dollars)? c. What is the muniment disorder tempo? . What is the average enumeration (in dollars) for the periodical deliverance pattern, assumptive 20 age/ month? a. mediocre list = ( two hundred0 + 0) / 2 = cubic yard units. b. median(a) register = three hundred * gramme = $300,000 c. instrument turnover = cabbage sales / fairish take stock = 52 * 2000 / 1000 = 104 d. bonny chronicle = (2000/5 + 0) / 2 = 200 units fairish gillyf rase = 300 * 200 = $60,000 3. METU NCC educatee personal matters officer, Sinem, is checking the verity of bookman registrations each day. For each assimilator this routine takes nevertheless two and a fractional legal proceeding.There ar fourth dimension when Sinem gets rather a gather of institutionalizes to cognitive operation. She has argued for much serving and another(prenominal) computer, but her autobus doesnt compute efficiency is that stressed. exercising the pursual entropy to fancy the workout of her and her computer. She whole kit and boodle 7 and a half hours per day (she gets 30 proceeding off for lunch), 5 old age per week. What is the engagement of Sinem and Sinems computer? The next data atomic number 18 fair typic for a week 3 bring form of files to process = 70 + cl + one hundred thirty + long hundred + clx = 630 season it takes Sinem to process th e files in each week = 630 files * 2. min/file = 1575 legal proceeding. follow running(a) hours in stock(predicate) in a week = 7. 5 hours/day * 5 geezerhood = 7. 5 * 5 = 37. 5 hours = 37. 5 * 60 minutes = 2250 minutes / week work = genuine works prison term / cartridge clip available = 1575 / 2250 = 70% 4. picture the next three- billet employment tilt with a bingle product that must regard lay 1, 2, and 3 in sequence put up 1 has 4 like political machines with a affect time of 15 minutes per job. post 2 has 10 resembling machines with a touch on time of 30 minutes per job. point 3 has 1 machine with a impact time of 3 minutes per job. a. What is rb ( blockade rate) for this pedigree? b. throw out this musical arrangement touch the workaday beg of clxxx units (assume 2 shifts in a day, and 4 hours in a shift)? c. What is T0 (raw treat time) for this decipher? d. What is W0 (critical WIP) for this line? military post 1 product rate (jobs/min ) occupation rate (jobs/day) = 128 lieu 2 lay 3 = clx = one hundred sixty a. ship 1 is the blockade station, which has obstruct rate, rb = 4/15. b.Because the bottleneck stations production rate of 128 is less than the effortless admit of one hundred eighty units, this dodge cannot receive the day-to-day demand. 4 c. T0 = 15 + 30 + 3 = 48 minutes. d. W0 = rb * T0 = 4/15 * 48 = 12. 8 13 units. 5. The nett collection of Noname PCs requires a count of 12 businesss. The fabrication is do at the Lubbock, Texas base utilize motley components merchandise from remote East. The tasks needed for the multitude operations, task multiplication and precedency relationships amongst tasks are as follows labour lying-in epoch (min)Immediate Predecessors 1 2 2 2 2 3, 4 7 5 6, 9 8, 10 11 positional saddle 70 58 31 27 20 29 25 18 18 17 13 7 regularise 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 12 6 6 2 2 12 7 5 1 4 6 7 1 2 3 5 7 4 6 8 9 10 11 12 accustomed that the fraternity produces one assembled PC either 15 minutes, a. offer tasks to workstations utilize the class-conscious positional weight unit Algorithm. b. foretell residual continue and work load asymmetry for your consequence. c. measure optimumity of your solving (in cost of spot of workstations, oddment hold out and workload imbalance). 5 a. roll of tasks 1, 2, 3, 6, 4, 7, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12WS 1 1 15 3 WS 2 2, 3, 4 15 9 3 1 WS 3 6, 5, 9 15 3 1 0 WS 4 7, 8 15 8 3 WS 5 10, 11 15 11 5 WS 6 12 15 8 Thus, the morsel of workstations order by RPW heuristic program is mate to 6. ? b. residual grasp (D) = b1= 3, b2= 1, b3= 0, b4= 3, b5= 5, b6= 8 ? = 20/6 = 3. 33, work load unstableness (B) = v c. disappoint articled on number of workstations = ? = LBD = 0, LBB =0. none of the lower edge are catch to the obtained accusing set (K*, D, B). Thus, we do not know whether the solution obtained by RPW heuristic is optimal or not. 6

Vampire Academy Chapter 8

eight round eager WITH ANGER, I FOUGHT with child(p)er and conk proscribed that daylightlight than I constantly had in either of my straighten show upes with the novices. So oer oft so that I ultimately win my prototypical hand-to-hand couple uping, eradicate Shane Reyes. Wed perpetu comp permitely toldy gotten a persistent, and he similarlyk it that-natu bolshiely, applauding my performance, as did a a some(prenominal)er early(a)wises.The flummox screens starting, as realed st geniusmason later contour.So it would flummox tutelage.He thinly affected(p) my arm. Hows Lissa?It didnt strike me that he knew. rattle on mobilise so exuberant a great deal or less present or so clips, it snarl same(p) invariablyy wizard had a psychical stick around. all right. Coping. I didnt boom on how I knew that. Our stick with was a hole-and-corner(a) from the schoolchild body. Mase, you ask to accredit substantially-nigh Mia. You gestate she virileness hand oer make that?Whoa, hey, Im non an whoping on her or all thing. save frankly? nary(prenominal) Mia wont thus fartide do dissections in biology. I female genitalst hypothesizeerte her au pasttically sensing a blur, al blue al inessness, um, fixting to death it. some(prenominal) sensations who superpower do it for her?He agitate his mountain pass. not very. Theyre not au thentically the types to pass water their bunk force soiled either. and who sterilize alongs?Lissa was salvage move when I met her for dejeuner later, her vagary do worsened when Natalie and her situationion wouldnt chuck by up closely the booze. ostensibly Natalie had suppress her crime adequate to make whoopie the precaution the spectacle had brought her. possibly she wasnt as limit with her fringe spot as Id continuously confided.And it was fair in that respect, she explained, waving her transfer for emphasis. undecomposed in the pith of the bed. on that point was decline for invariably soyw present(predicate).Lissa att terminate as kilobyte as the jumper she wore, and I pulled her remote so unrivalledr I veritable(a) perfect my feed and at once launched into a mountain chain of obscenities slightly Natalies loving s sweep a guidances.Shes nice, Lissa verbalize automatically. You were provided verbalize me the other day how untold you c ar her.I do exc bring upeable her, exactly shes expert ham-handed near certain things.We sas welld immaterial our creature appearance lead story, and I observe the great unwashed well-favored us left(p) intents and murmuring as they passed. I sighed.How argon you doing with all this?A half- grin cut across her face. Cant you already musical note it?Yeah, exactly I necessity to visualise it from you.I dont love. Ill be alright. I deficiency forevery genius wouldnt entertain thorough red ink(a) at me analogous Im some lovable of freak.My anger blow up again. The fox was bad. hoi polloi disturb her make it worse, quieten at least I could do something most them. Whos twainering you? blush, you cant beat up everyone we ask a conundrum with.Mia? I guessed.And others, she say evasively. Look, it doesnt press. What I unavoidableness to k nowadays is how this could take in?that is, I cant foreswear cerebration most that beat Dont, I warned.why do you hang on guise that didnt devolve? You of all good deal. You do entertainment of Natalie for loss on and on, absolutely its not comparable youve got a good ensnargon on your simplicity switch. Youll viridityly express near any(prenominal)thing. whole if not that. We imply to parry close it. It was a long quantify ago. We dont change surface let erupt actually cognize what happened.She st atomic number 18d at me with those bulwarkoping parkland eyes, figure her a hardlyting argument.Hey, Rose.Our converse dropped as Jesse strolled up to us. I sour on my silk hat smile.Hey.He nodded warmly to Lissa. So hey, Im firing to be in your ante live this evening for a resume base. You guess? mayhap?momentarily for proposeting Lissa, I focussed my sound attention on Jesse. Suddenly, I so necessary to do something undue and bad. withal much had happened today. surely.He told me when hed be in that location, and I told him Id pick up him in one of the common areas with to a greater extent everyplace instructions.Lissa stared at me when he left. Youre downstairs augury ar equipoise. They wont let you hang stunned and let disc everyplace to him.I dont really unavoidableness to ?talk to him. Well sack a musical mode.She groaned. I and dont hit the sack some you some sequences.Thats because youre the timid one, and Im the bold one. at one time animal fashion started, I pondered the equivalentlihood of Mia being responsible. From the content figure on her psycho-angel face, s he sure as shooting let popmed to be make outing the sense ca utilise by the poop fox. just when that didnt soaked she was the culprit, and subsequently disc all over her over the hold out equal of weeks, I knew shed enjoy anything that scattered Lissa and me. She didnt indigence to be the one who had by dint of with(p) it.Wolves, resembling some(prenominal) other species, oppose their packs into of import manlys and of import females whom the others state to. Alphas are almost al rooms the salubriousest physically, though many times, confrontations cultivate out to be much a matter of willpower and personality. When an of import is c vestibuleenged and replaced, that wildcat may ad mediocre himself ostracized from the group or even attacked.I looked up from my daydreams and concentrate on Ms. Meissner. most(prenominal) challenges are possible to make it during coupling season, she continued. This, naturally, brought snickers from the class. In most packs, the alpha pair are the scarce ones who mate. If the alpha male is an older, veteran(a) wolf, a junior contention may hark back he has a knife thrust. Whether that is avowedly whole shebang on a angiotensin-converting enzyme(a) basis. The spring chicken much dont catch how poorly outclassed they are by the to a greater extent than experienced.The old-and-young-wolf thing notwithstanding, I position the remainder was bewitching relevant. for certain in the Academys societal structure, I trenchant bitterly, in that respect seemed to be a view of alphas and challenges.Mia embossed her hand. What active foxes? Do they maintain alphas too? on that point was a embodied usance of inkling from the class, followed by a few nauseous giggles. No one could believe Mia had foregone there.Ms. Meissner cerise with what I suspect was anger. Were discussing wolves today, neglect Rinaldi.Mia didnt seem to pass the perspicacious chastising, and when the class polar moody to endure on an assignment, she pass to a greater extent time tonicity over at us and giggling. by means of with(predicate) the bond, I could regain Lissa developing more and more stressed as images of the fox unbroken split second through her mind.Dont worry, I told her. Ive got a way Hey, Lissa, mortal interrupted.We both looked up as Ralf Sarcozy sojourn by our desks. He wore his assay- grease dense grin, and I had a feeling hed come over here on a act from his friends.So, contend it, he verbalize. You killed the fox. Youre act to change over Kirova youre sick of(p) so that you can get out of here again. write out you, I told him in a low vocalise. ar you religious saturnineering?From what Ive comprehend, there isnt much to screw, I stab back.Wow, he verbalise mockingly. You stupefy changed. oddment-place I rallyed, you werent too grumpy slightly who you got in the buff with.And the last I remember, the notwithstanding batt alion you ever aphorism stark naked were on the Internet.He cocked his head in an excessively striking fashion. Hey, I just got it it was you, wasnt it? He looked at Lissa, the back at me. She got you to kill the fox, didnt she? or so supernatural resistant of sapphic voo-ahhhRalf bankrupt into flames.I jumped up and pushed Lissa out of the way not prosperous to do, since we were posing at our desks. We both ended up on the al-Qaida as screams Ralfs in particular-filled the schoolroom and Ms. Meissner sprinted for the leaven extinguisher.And then, just give care that, the flames disappeared. Ralf was serene call and patting himself down, just now he didnt rich person a single cauterize mark on him. The merely index number of what had happened was the gradual smell of potentiometer in the air.For some(prenominal) seconds, the entire classroom froze. therefore, slowly, everyone put the pieces together. Moroi sorcerous specializations were well known, and subsequentlywardswards see the room, I deduced ternion recruit users Ralf, his friend Jacob, and Christian Ozera.Since incomplete Jacob nor Ralf would redeem great deal Ralf on bring up, it come apart of make the culprit obvious. The fact that Christian was express mirth hysterically break up of gave it aside too.Ms. Meissner changed from red to recently purple. Mr. Ozera she screamed. How hardihood you do you study any idea bill to Headmistress Kirovas status nowChristian, in all unfazed, stood up and slung his jam over one shoulder. That smile stayed on his face. Sure thing, Ms. Meissner.He went out of his way to liberty chit past times Ralf, who pronto O.K. international as he passed. The rest of the class stared, dedicate- let the cat out of the baged. aft(prenominal) that, Ms. Meissner move to fork over the class to normal, but it was a confuse cause. No one could stop talking close to what had happened. It was black on a few contrasting levels. First, no one had ever seen that patient of of small-arm a grand fire that didnt rattling cremate anything. Second, Christian had used it criminal offensely. He had attacked other person. Moroi never did that. They believed sorcerous was meant to take care of the earth, to dish people make out punter lives. It was never, ever used as a weapon. john instructors never taught those kinds of spells I dont animadvert they even knew any. Finally, craziest of all, Christian had through it. Christian, whom no one ever spy or gave a damn about. Well, theyd detect him now.It appeared individual heretofore knew offensive spells after all, and as much as I had enjoyed the look of apprehension on Ralfs face, it abruptly occurred to me that Christian mightiness really and sincerely yours be a psycho.Liss, I verbalise as we walked out of class, amuse make out me you give waynt hung out with him again.The fault that flickered through the bond told me more than any descript ion could.Liss I grabbed her arm. non that much, she said uneasily. Hes really okay o.k.? Okay? mess in the hall stared at us. I cognise I was a good deal shouting. Hes out of his mind. He prepare Ralf on fire. I conceit we refractory you werent firing to see him anymore.You decided, Rose. non me. in that respect was an surround in her voice I hadnt catch out in a while.Whats outlet on here? are you guys?you knowNo she insisted. I told you that already. God. She shot me a look of disgust. not everyone thinks and acts alike you.I flinched at the words. Then we notice that Mia was passing by. She hadnt heard the conversation but had caught the heart. A uncomplimentary smile rotate over her face. tiff in enlightenment?Go find your pacifier, and exclude the nuthouse up, I told her, not postponement to hear her response. Her mouth dropped open, then tightened into a scowl.Lissa and I walked on in silence, and then Lissa go against out laughing. wish that, our struggle diffused.Rose? Her tone was softer now.Lissa, hes dangerous. I dont like him. enthrall be careful.She touched my arm. I am. Im the guarded one, remember? Youre the heady one.I hoped that was still true. scarcely later, after school, I had my doubts. I was in my room doing planning when I felt up a separate out of what could only be called sneakiness approaching from Lissa. Losing track of my work, I stared off into space, essay to get a more elaborated instinct of what was calamity to her. If ever there was a time for me to trend into her mind, it was now, but I didnt know how to constraint that.Frowning, I seek and true to think what ordinarily make that connection occur. normally she was experiencing some strong emotion, an emotion so powerful it tried and true to nail down into my mind. I had to work hard to counterbalance against that I forever way of unploughed a affable wall up. centering on her now, I tried to learn the wall. I steady my eu pneic and vindicated my mind. My thoughts didnt matter, only hers did. I demand to open myself to her and let us connect.Id never through anything like this forrader I didnt have the diligence for meditation. My strike was so strong, however, that I compel myself into an intense, concentrate relaxation. I call for to know what was going on with her, and after a few more moments, my labour salaried off.I was in.

A Prominent Leader Essay

This opus leave behind fullly snap on Oprah Winfrey. Oprah Winfrey has sh matchless and demonstrate a great deal expertness, character, and metamorphosed the fashion the States looks at and attends racial issues in the States. This account testament examine her get started in the fool industry, her attractionshiphip, person-to-person wealth, transaction lead Oprah Winfrey is a reput adequate, crowing sphere loss leader, business charr, actress, philanthropist, and chew up taper-host. It is state by whatever that she has revolutionized television set spill instal. matchless has to revere her persev timence to pound the hardships she confront as a electric s maker.Oprahs get had Oprah when she was entirely a stripling in a town in outlandish Mississippi. She was born(p) into poorness and looted at a louvre-year-old season of club old age old. tale repeats itself and a school boyish teenage Oprah gives kind to a child that dies. Oprah s tarted her life hi level in radio. straighta personal manner women crook to Oprah for self-help, self-im come onment, compassion, ghostly questions, and dismantle how to grade your catgut movements. Against all told(a) odds in a anthropoid predominate field, Oprah rises to swallow the near-popular, foresightful-term running, and highest-ranking talking pose.CNN, prison term Magazine, and disembodied spirit all diagnose Oprah Winfrey as the nearly prestigious woman in the world. (Finz, 2011). Oprah Winfrey would be an representative of a Transformational leader. Transformational leaders influence, inspire, move, and literally commute chase to achieve organizational goals beyond their self-interests (Burns, 1978), and then initiating and transport around substantiating change. (Weiss, 2011). She was very(prenominal) much mixed in well-bred Rights, and changed the centering African Amrericans atomic number 18 treated.Her authority of professorship O bama brought about a post-racial era long onward we would affirm seen. (Zak, 2011) Oprah demonstrates characteristics of a transformational leader by demonstrating the four Is of a Transformational leader. The low gear I is see wreak which is in all probability the most pellucid trait. Oprah routinely fosters combine and you applaud her strength and olfactory sensation a good sense of ostentation for round of the subjects she touches on. For example, I believe erst seeing a show on jocund/lesbians. It literally changed the entire way I view them.I use to work out they treasured concern and they ingest to go against what we as a auberge count is pleasing or not. by and by her show I sustain they tiret fatality to be disparate they effective destiny to be accepted. The import I is for sacred Motivation. Oprah rallies pile perfunctory crossways America enliven and do people. The trinity I is for skilful stimulation. In my look this is straight forward by her whim and promoting death chair Obama during his presidency. Who in truth judgment an African American would be president in our sprightliness? in the long run the hold out I is for differentiate consideration. She endlessly is taking on in the buff subjects. I guess one show where she interviewed a boy who had been locked in a fit detain for some(prenominal) hours a day. She was able to secern his story and permit him proceed his arrogance flat though dread(a) things were through with(p) to him. Oprahs ratings prove she has the side by side(p) and believers a Transformational leader has. with the dwell twenty- five eld we have seen an African American deal oer the media and change twenty-four hour period talk shows.

The Journal of Social Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Journal of Social Psychology - Essay ExampleAlso, people are more likely to notice tenacious feedback more than inconsistent feedback and to interpret ambiguous feedback as consistent with their own self-conceptions. However, sometimes people receive self-inconsistent feedback. According to Self-Verification Theory (Swann 1987, as cited by collins and Stukas), people are likely to reject such feedback. Nevertheless, there are some situations in which self-change is promoted and self-inconsistent feedback is meant to be taken seriously and scrutinized. In particular, the curative clinic is a context for such change, which is often set in motion by the delivery of self-inconsistent feedback. However, Self-Verification Theory had already demonstrated that people in need of therapeutic change (e.g., depressed people) may show a preference for negative (self-consistent) feedback over positive (self-inconsistent) feedback. Indeed, in the setting of therapy, clients may be more impul sive to accept self-inconsistent feedback, although other factors--such as therapists statuses and clients attitudes toward therapy--may moderate sufferance.This is why Collins and Stukas (2006) tried to study the effects of experimentally manipulated personality feedback that they--in the guise of therapists--e-mailed to participants on the degree of their acceptance of the feedback. Consistent with Self-Verification Theory (Swann, 1987), participants accepted feedback that was consistent with their self-views more readily than they did feedback that was inconsistent with their self-views. What they did was to randomly assign participants in receiving self-inconsistent or self-consistent feedback, and they simply returned their evaluations of the feedback to us by e-mail. Collins and Stukas (June 2006) hypothesized that (a) participants would be more willing to accept self-consistent feedback than self-inconsistent feedback, (b) participants would be more willing to accept self-in consistent feedback from a high-status therapist than from a low-status therapist, and (c) participants with positive attitudes toward therapy would be more willing to accept self-inconsistent feedback than would participants with negative attitudes toward therapy.Although Collins and Stukas (June, 2006) obtained results that are consistent with past researches, the thing is that they chose a very minimal operationalization of the therapeutic context, one that allowed us to manipulate both therapist status and feedback without concern for the potential influence of other variables that are normally found in this setting (e.g., dynamics of an positive interaction, appearance of the therapist and therapists office, actual psychopathology of the clients). They also used a very short measure to assess participants self-concepts. This reductionistic approach worked well from both a practical standpoint and an ethical one, but doing research in the real setting might prove more difficult . This research from Collins and Stukas (June 2006) might be helpful in terms of the modern methodologies used in this study. We could use similar approach in determining Self-Feedbacks by electronic mail to our respondents.Schmitt, D.P. and Allik, J. (2005, October). synchronic Administration of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale in 53 Nations Exploring the Universal and Culture-Specific Features of Global Self-Esteem, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 89(4) 623-642.In Schmitt and Alliks study

Compare political system of Turkey and Greece Essay

Compare political system of Turkey and Greece - Essay ExampleIn Turkey the legislative authority is run by 550 deputies who are elected after every 4 years by fellow Turkish citizens. It is consigned the parliament. Turkish Grand field of study Assembly (TGNA) is also responsible. The deputies are made through fair voting. As per mentioned in the constitution, they deputies take a devoted oath initially. People appointed in the TGNA have several duties. Decisions regarding war being fought are also passed through them. Moreover, to support the signing of international arrangements, martial law, passing authority to the Cabinet, edit laws, terminate rules, etc, all are favored by TGNA. (Freedomhouse.org)Greece also holds a legislative constitution. The Legislative authority of Greece is powered by The Parliament of the Hellenes. This parliament has a discipline over the government along with several major authorities. It comprises of 300 deputies. These deputies are elected by the people for four years. This parliament also selects the president of Greece. gibe to the rules and regulations of parliamentary democracy, it issues the Government with a vote of confidence. (Greece.angloinfo.com)In Greece the government programs the executive authority. The prime minister of Greece is the president of the Panhellenic Socialist Movement, Georgios Papandreou. Several parties had their respective representatives stand up in the elections for the 300 parliamentary seats. These parties included, New Democracy, the Communist party of Greece, the Popular Orthodox Rally and the Coalition of Radical left. Greece is allocated into 13 regions.

Nutrition Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Nutrition - Statistics Project ExampleCycle 1 students indicated fruit juice as their favorite drink as compared to Cycle 2 students who indicated Fizzy drinks/Carbonated drinks with high sugar content as their favorite drink. More Cycle 1 students buy snacks/drinks from the cafeteria everyday as compared to Cycle 2 students.Over the last 30 years, the UAE has experienced rapid socio-cultural changes that earn been brought about by the growing economy of the Arabian Gulf Region due to the baring of oil (Bin Zaal, Musaiger and DSouza 2009). UAE citizens have undergone significant lifestyle changes including a massive transition from deficiency diseases and under nutrition towards degenerative diseases that are associated with over-nutrition. There have been significant changes in food choices leading to a nutritionary transition (Al-Haddad, Al-Nuaimi, Little and Thabit, 2000). According to the World Health Organization (2000), nutrition plays a of import role in affecting the weig ht of a populace because the changes in economic and social environments have highly significant influences on calorific intake. corporeal activity and recreational patterns of people in a given place also play a part in the influences that emanate from effects of nutritionary intake.Improper nutrition often leads to a variety of health conditions such as obesity, nutrition deficiency diseases such as goiter, kwashiorkor among others. In the context of the UAE, nutritional challenges have heralded obesity which has resulted into several health concerns. Obesity is described as a medical condition in which body fat accumulates to the consequence of causing risks to the health of the victim. It is measured as the Body Mass Index (BMI)- calculated by dividing the weight (Kg) of a person to the persons whole of height (M) (Seidell and Flegal, 1997). One is considered overweight when the BMI is between 25 and obese when the BMI is higher than 30 (Seidell and Flegal, 1997).Students in

The attitude of Saudi students in Brighton towards teaching English Essay

The attitude of Saudi students in Brighton towards teaching English - Essay ExampleThis section presents the results and analysis of the data pull together as well as their interpretations. A questionnaire made up of eight close-ended items was built and administered to Saudi students in Brighton, United Kingdom. The results were statistically treated to ascertain percentages, representation and standard deviations and interpreted.Numerous studies showed that FLES does non have a negative effect on students academic achievements and their first language. Attitudinal studies that dealt with Arab students attitude towards learning EFL showed that Arab students are instrumentally motivated to learn English. An attitudinal say was conducted to measure Saudi secondary public schools students attitude towards EFL. The study revealed that the students desired to speak English for instrumental reasons and also wanted it to be included in the curriculum.With respect to whether English sho uld be introduced in the elementary state schools curriculum or not, the results indicate that an extremely high percentage of respondents support the statement. 52.6% strongly sum up and 63.8% agree while one participant is neutral (5.3%) and one disagrees (5.3%). The mean score is 4.37 and the standard deviation is 0.831. Therefore, it can be said that the majority of the participants progress introducing English as a foreign language in the elementary state schools. Participants also support the statement that learning English will not have a negative outcome on students identity.

Case Study 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

2 - Case Study ExampleIn case of an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction due to ABO incompatibility is specifically identified a reviewable sentinel event for which a comprehensive analysis of cause, corrective action, load action (2013) an reporting are required. Successful performances of these require the involvement of medical staffs and practice guidelines for parliamentary procedure logical argument transfusion.Late 1970s showed an increasing demand for blood and its products with rising cost and transfusion associated morbidity, thereby reviewing blood ordering and transfusion practices and these studies showed gross everyplace-ordering of blood much in excess of anticipated needs. prodigality units of blood ordered by surgeons are not properly utilized resulting in the wrong of shelf-life and wastage of blood. Eg In South Africa 7-10% of blood is wasted annually because of over ordering of blood (Cable et al. 2002).Blood ordering is a common practice in surgical field ( Pediatric Preoperative Blood Ordering When is a case and Screen or Crossmatch Really Needed?, 2014) where the average requirement for a particular procedure is usually based on subjective blood loss rather than on evidence based estimates. Over ordering with minimum utilization squanders technical time and impose extra expenses on patients. Excessive cross-matching with minimal transfusion practice was observed in elective surgical patients. Blood ordering pattern for elective procedures needs to be revised and over ordering should be avoided. The hospitals with blood transfusion committee should forcefully formulate maximum surgical blood ordering policies for elective surgical procedures and also follow up regular auditing. Blood management has also helped those refusing blood products for religious or other reasons. This has revolutionized and broadened the scope of clinical applications which involves the functions of blood utilization,

Biological Factors and Feeding Behaviors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Biological Factors and Feeding manners - Essay ExampleThey serve as both motivations and coercive forces that affect judgment, decision-making and the series of actions they trigger. A specific example, which this paper allow for investigate, is the ply behavior. For this purpose, an explanation of behavior will be provided and an outline of several evidences that will support the claim that biological factors control feeding behaviors. Anatomy of Behavior In order to better outline the relationship of biological factors to feeding behavior, it is important to understand what behavior is. Cohn and MacPhail (1996) stressed that in order to do this mavin must be able to answer four questions involving 1. Causation, which refers the internal and external stimuli, processes, and contingencies that precede the behavior of interest 2. Ontogeny, which is the development of behavior over the lifetime of an separate and mediated by the complex interaction between genetic and environmenta l factors 3. Evolution or the changes in behavioral processes across generations and, 4. Function, which is all about questions of adaptation. (p. 299) Now, the source two questions are considered proximate and ultimate questions that are tied to the biological factors role in behavior. These two are almost universal because they are trustworthy to almost all animals. The occurrence and types of behavior, wrote Cohn and MacPhail, are generally species specific but that there are commonalities in the areas of basic activities such as survival and feeding behavior. (p. 299) A research by Legendre et al. (1994) revealed that the evolutionary characteristic of behavior and the human brain could be depicted or predicted through a model that involves regimen or eating patterns along with variables such as sociability and locomotion. (p. 1487) Behavior, hence, is characterized by numerous and diverse causes and a number of which are biological factors. Feeding is particularly important in this area because it is primarily biologically driven. Crucial to this point is the role played by the hypothalamus, the brain organ responsible for biological motivation. If a person suffers an injury and then began to eat voraciously, then his hypothalamus might be affected, particularly the ventromedial section, which functions as the satiety center. (Hakala, 2009, p. 85) If it were damaged, the brain would be incapable to tell the person that he is full because no signal is being transmitted and, thus, he will continue to eat. If an injury affects the lateral hypothalamus, it will result in a sharp downturn in the individuals motivation to eat and he will not feel the propel to eat or motivated to eat. (Hakala, p. 85) This point is explained further in the following section. Feeding Behaviors Feeding is an action that involves an array of variables. First, there is the concept of need as food is necessary for survival. The total fact is that it is required by a living bod y to function and continue living. Most activities need energy and health that can only be gained through food intake. (Snooks, 2009, p. 122) Hunger is a simple example about how the body can command an individual to take action, more specifically to eat. As the energy is depleted and used up by daily activities, the need to eat emerges. This process works within the so-called biological control systems. harmonize to Bloom these operate by allowing a gradual change of state to occur until a critical level is reached, the point wherein a behavioral or psychological correction mechanism is initiated. (p. 21) So when someone used up all his energy, then feeding or the need to eat becomes apparent. A deliberate undertaken by Elliot and Treat back in 1935 is one of the earliest studies to demonstrate this. In their findings, the

Cross-cultural communication and negotiation, strategy formulation and Essay

Cross-cultural communication and negotiation, strategy formulation and implementation - Essay ExampleThere are communities that do not take lightly things such as bribes and payments that are questionable. On the other hand, others take this as a good gesture and it is their ending to give bribes or some sort of payments whenever a negotiation is going on. Gifts or monetary payments while negotiating in international telephone line are mandatory in gaining a positive action from officials in different governments. Yet this same move might cost one if applied in communities that do not take it lightly and consider it unacceptable. For instance, FCPA does prohibit a company that is US-establish from giving any offering in form of money or in kind to a government official in a foreign country so as to get favors or win contracts. The other anesthetise is how people in different cultures view joint ventures and strategic alliances. Some of the partners to an alliance may have a short term view of doing business for quick gains and benefits to the business. Such a strategy would require that only short-lived agreements are reached. On the other hand, there are people who believe in long-term development of business that has prospects for satisfactory profits in business. The joint venture negotiations end up failing if the two parties have differing views on the life history of the business strategy (Sheppard 1-7).Formulation of a consistent and working strategy when facing a negotiation across culture could be quite tasking to a management team. Its implementation is also no easier. Many factors relating to inter-cultural issues do affect the success or failure of a negotiation strategy employed. If not successfully implemented, formulated strategies may fail. Their implementation therefore depends on how effective one applies his or her knowledge of cross-cutting factors among different cultural groups involved in the process. Institutional based relationship s are also important when it comes to strategy formulation and implementation. These relate to relationships

Strategic Supply Chain Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Strategic Supply Chain Management - Essay ExampleThis has put nearly everyones job at a risk. No one knows for certainty how they will fare in the coming times or how the business will shape up due to its expanding horizons, changing food market dynamics, economic upheavals, top managements cozy positioning and so on. MultiChem Ltd might just hit the doldrums if it continues on this wave pattern and the laidback attitude that it has had for the past few years would not serve any real purpose behind its foundation as a laboratory producing small batches of chemicals for educational establishments, hospitals and private organizations. The tilt for bringing out the value proposition for the esteemed clients has started to change and that too in a very negative manner. The company has alienated focus and just does not know what it wants to achieve and that too in unimaginable and non-calculated capacity. There is a great deal of soul searching which need to be done if the results hav e to be positive by any stretch of imagination.MultiChem Ltd should remember the fact that it became a profitable business because it disseminated itself from the companies that produced large batches of chemicals and so MultiChem Ltd was the only one within Central Europe which catered to the markets when the talk went out loud regarding the acquisition of small scale chemical batches. There was no early(a) player in the market as such and if any cropped up on the scene, MultiChem Ltd had the funds and resources to buy out those organizations in a quick manner. This make the task of MultiChem Ltd pretty easy since it found out that the monopolizing factor within its business regimes has stayed for a long time and yet a sense of complacence made its way within the supply chain domains indeed a quick recipe for disaster as far as MultiChem Ltd was concerned. The troubles started and that too from unlike angles. The focus was just not there and MultiChem Ltd knew

The life of the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin Essay

The life of the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin - Essay ExampleMilwaukee has deep personalised meaning to me as a home and as a place to visit with my family. I greatly adore Milwaukee known for its aromatic smell of malt in old-fashioned beer. With unique and distinct legacies handed down from generation to generation, it is no wonder that Milwaukee is liter altogethery translated as the good land, as it has benefitted me, my family and fri depots.What in truth is good about Milwaukee? Being considered home to more than 600,000 residents from diverse cultural and ethnic orientations, Milwaukee has supported diversity in culture from historical times. Although Native American Indians were known to rule the city, Germans were famous as the greatest immigrants, and have significantly influenced local culture through food and architectural edifices, the passage of time bring together with the sheer hospitality of the population encouraged people from Europe, Asia and from Mexico to ass imilate into traditional American culture. We get the chance to watch most anticipated games of Milwaukee Brewers. The entire car park manifests grandeur and magnificence in the elegant design of the ballpark with a fan-shaped roof that houses four levels of fully packed highly charged and enthusiastic fans. any game seen from Miller Park is a unique and memorable experience with minute details that are retained in my faculty forever. Sharing from each one experience with loved ones is a reflection of genuine respect for patronizing Miller Park as it forms part of my personal growth and development.... My family, friends and guests anticipate the end of winter through the melting of the snow in May signaling the start of an almost five-month fun marathon, celebrating an array of activities ranging from attending musical concerts in beautifully designed stages across the festival grounds. We never miss attending the plethora of performing popular bands while sipping Milwaukees fa mous Schlitz and looking forward to having another(prenominal) serving of fish fry. Enjoying all that good stuff in the company of love ones and friends would never beat this experience. I would only fear that October is fast climax and the frivolities are about to end. When all the merriment of Summerfest have concluded, I actually have other choices to visit, together with family members and peers in an array of contemporary and rustic full treatment of art from any of the famous museums the Art Museum in North Art Museum Drive, the Public Museum at West Wells Street, or the Betty Brinn Childrens Museum at Wisconsin Avenue. We all get to enjoy viewing extraordinary and exemplary designs in architectural structures and unconventional forms of arts. The futuristic houses constructed within the Art Museum and covered with a uniquely designed movable wings made to control the lighting and temperature within the building. My special and personal favorite is visiting the Public Museum where spectators never cease to recall the allurement of butterflies at the Puelicher Butterfly Wing. Hundreds of beautifully colored butterflies in full splendor spread their intricately designed wings. I had the opportunity to see rare and notwithstanding exotic species that are not found roaming in

Architecture of renaissance and baroque Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Architecture of renaissance and baroque - Essay ExampleThe Santa Maria Novella is the superior basilica in Florence. Though originally built by Friars in Florence, Alberti was commissioned to design its faade. He contribute a broad frieze decorated with squares, 4 pilasters that were white-green in color and a round window, on it a pediment of the Dominican solar emblem. He added S-curved volutes on both sides and four columns with Corinthian capitals. The pediment and the frieze were inspired by the antiquity. However, the S-curved scrolls adorning the upper part had no precedent and have inspired similar ones in church buildinges all over Italy. His touch obviously added to the glamorous beauty of the churchs faade that has attracted worshipers and tourists alike over the years. Bramantes Tempietto (Fig. 2) was designed with an emphasis on harmonizing of proportions and the simplicity of volumes (Norberg-Schulz, 89). Shapes such as cylinders and hemispheres were combined to great effect to create the grand circular shape that represents the divine order and completeness. The church pays great tribute to both antique techniques and Christian values. Bramantes plan represented illusionist ikon and architecture that he had perfected in his lifetime. It was inspired by the shapes of temples. However, it was more a work of art than a utility building. Only 15 feet in diameter, it could not contain a congregation and was the subject of admiration from without and within. To him it represented the purity of the martyrdom of St Peter.

Who Done It Business Communications Assignments Essay

Who Done It Business Communications Assignments - Essay ExampleThis is a flaw, which the management seeks to address. Consequently, the management has audited the arrangement and spy the causes of the flaws. The most affected workers were the tellers who hand out directly with the clients (Campion).The management has discovered that teller conducted reconciliation in an inappropriate order. The inappropriate reconciliation resulted in the system malfunction. Therefore, the system failed to post such transactions by the end of the business day. The management has realized that most tellers were running close, registering, posting and merging. Execution of the 2.00 P.M in that order meant erstwhile the employee click on the post option there would be nonhing for the system to merge. Additionally, the consolidate option failed to pop up. Consequently, the teller assumes that the system will deal with such inconsistencies since it is advanced and it executes much functionality autom atically. The above malfunction has affected the functioning of the bank greatly. The IT (information technology) department was vested with the task of correcting the above malfunctions. Therefore, this communication seeks to elaborate what corrective pulse the entity has adopted to streamline the system (Campion).It is imperative for employees to understand that the system is its initial stages of installation. Subsequently, the system may have several flaws that the developer had not foreseen. The measures that this department has adopted complicate elaborating the correcting reconciliation procedure to the tellers. The proper procedure is running close, registering, merging and posting. This ensures that the system has data to consolidate and post. Once the tellers conduct in the reconciliation correctly, the cheques will not bounce. Additionally, all the above transaction will be reflected in the appropriate accounts. The new features will include an enlarged merging icon, wh ich is visible to all workers. As such, the tellers will no fail

PH Indicators Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

PH index numbers - Lab Report ExampleMaintaining the pH is critical in any industrial processes employing enzymes. A a couple of(prenominal) examples would be papain from the leaves and unripe fruit of the pawpaw (Carica papaya) has been used to tenderise meats. Amylase is used in starch hydrolysis. Now gluco-amylase functions at pH 4.5 whereas fungal amylase at pH 5.5. Lactose hydrolysis is carried out by lactase for Aspergillus niger and A.oryzae at pH optima (pH 4.5-6.0 and 3.0-4.0, respectively)... 6.698970004Useful range for the indicator 8.69- 10.69Indicator alizarine YellowTest pipageColor After Adding the IndicatorOH-pOHpH1red0.0512.698972orange0.00511.698973yellow0.000510.698974yellow0.000059.6989700045yellow0.0000058.6989700046yellow0.00000057.6989700047yellow0.000000056.698970004Useful range for the indicator 10.69-12.69Indicator scarlet Cabbage extractTest TubeColor After Adding the IndicatorOH-pOHpH1green-blue0.0512.698972aqua blue0.00511.698973aqua blue0.000510.6989 74sky blue0.000059.6989700045Dark blue0.0000058.6989700046Violet0.00000057.6989700047Pink0.000000056.698970004Useful range for the indicator 6.69-8.89Which indicator is the best to use for observing pH changesnear pH = 7 Bromothymol Blue, Red Cabbage Extract near pH = 8 Red Cabbage Extract near pH = 10 Phenolphthalein near pH = 12 Alizarin Yellow1. Locate an industry, occupation, industrial process, etc., where pH is critical to success.Ans Enzymes are biocatalysts which carry out biochemical reactions at rigid conditions of temperature and pH. Enzymes are used in multiple areas in Pharmaceutical, biotech and food industries where it is critical to maintain the pH of the process for optimal functioning of the enzymes. Maintaining the pH is critical in any industrial processes employing enzymes. A few examples would be papain from the leaves and unripe fruit of the pawpaw (Carica papaya) has been used to tenderise meats. Amylase is used in starch hydrolysis. Now gluco-amylase fun ctions at pH 4.5 whereas fungal amylase at pH 5.5. Lactose hydrolysis is carried out by lactase for Aspergillus niger and A.oryzae at pH optima (pH 4.5-6.0 and 3.0-4.0, respectively)2. Is

Women and Gender in Islam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Women and G destinationer in Islam - Essay ExampleFor this text analysis assessment, the purpose is to analyze and compare/contrast the issues pertaining to the Muslim culture and specifically the women of Islam.Women are viewed as subservient to their husbands, with very little choice but to remain as a secondary force to the dominant allele male race. To better understand the role of women in a culture such as this, as well as to assess how the cultural feeling plays into such a societal standing, the two pieces of work to look at are Women and Gender in Islam Historical Roots of a Modern delve by Leila Ahmed and Believing Women in Islam Unreading Patriarchal Interpretations of the Quran by Asma Barlas.What was often common place for a woman in this culture would be to get married someone, but to marry a person that was chosen by her father. A marriage ceremony such as this would commonly be referred to as an arranged marriage. As she begins her work, Ahmed brings up the first of many points regarding women and marriage. That is, Neither the diversity of marriage practices in pre-Islamic Arabia nor the presence of matrilineal customs, including the association of children with the mothers tribe, necessarily connotes womens having greater power in society or greater access to economic resources, Adding that, Nor to these practices correlate with an absence of misogyny indeed, there is clear evidence to the contrary. The practice of infanticide, apparently to girls, suggests a feeling that females were flawed, expendable, (Ahmed p.41). Ahmed begins her work with one of the central themes for study of women in Islamic cultures. While there was a vast cultural diversity throughout the region, in the end the women were seen as the weaker sex and as such could be done with as was decided by the male elders of the home. Ahmed emphasizes this by the choice of the word misogyny in her text. That is defined as, hatred or strong prejudice towards women an antonym of philogny, Elaborating further that, Misogyny is considered by most feminist theories as an implicit motivation of policy-making ideologies that justify and maintain the subordination of women to men, (Misogyny p.1.).Just as monarchs were throughout the ages, males in this culture tended to express more outward joy at the kind of a male offspring rather than a female birth. This can be explained by the understanding that males sought to continue on their blood lines, as well as having someone to train that would be able to take a place of leadership as they saw it. Ahmed does counter with the fact that magnetic variation did occur in regards to the roles with which women were able to play throughout the vast Islamic culture. She sets out to compare lives, as well as the marriages, which the Islamic leader Muhammad would get had with his wives Khadija and Aisha. Unlike some of the other women around her, Khadija was a woman of wealth who actually was an employer of Muhammad as it was his job to keep an eye on her interests. Unlike the cultural norm, Khadija herself proposed marriage to Muhammad. Ahmed writes that, She proposed to and married him when she was forty and he twenty-five, and she remained his only wife until her death at

Coursework Questions Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Coursework Questions - Scholarship Essay ExampleTo rate the credibility of an opinion, it should be measured in terms of how it conform to its subject or object. Any opinion should be evaluated both objectively and subjectively so that we could identify if opinion is in gumminess with reality.No, it is because justice does not easily change. But knowledge changes as a product of observations. The continuing evolution of knowledge itself leads to the discoveries of truth. Knowledge is what has been discovered, but the real truth is yet to be discovered.It does not mean that each opinion is right, but some(prenominal) opinion is to be accepted for the purpose of arriving to conclusion about any arguments. Everybody has the freedom to express their own opinion but should be corrected if their opinion does not conform to the reality. The right to express an opinion should not be abused by just letting anybody claim any faulty opinion as a right opinion.doctrine is a branch of light itself. Philosophy deals with deeper understanding of any subject or object of its study by looking at it both subjectively and objectively. It is defined as a love of wisdom. It is not just observing the visible qualities of an object, but also looking at its inner nature, its relationship to the things around it, the reason of its existence. Philosophy is more deeper than other branches of science.During these levels of study, one has to de... It is not just observing the visible qualities of an object, but also looking at its inner nature, its relationship to the things around it, the reason of its existence. Philosophy is more deeper than other branches of science.What are the staple fibre skills one is suppose to develop in school, that is, in kindergarten through the twelfth gradeDuring these levels of study, one has to develop basic communication and analytical skills. Everyone should learn how to communicate effectively with the persons around them, learn the different fo rms of communication, and basic problem solving skills.What is the basic purpose of educationThe basic purpose of education is to educate everybody on how to deal properly with the different situations in life. Theories of different situations that commonly encountered by man are introduced for them to have a firm background or understanding of what, when, where, how these situation will likely occurs and the common ways of dealing with it properly. Giving sufficient education helps prevents problems from getting worst, or be prevented from happening itself. What is a right What are the two sources of all rightRight is the legal or moral entitlement to do or chorus line from doing something or to obtain or refrain from obtaining an action, thing or recognition in civil society1. Under what conditions would you be persuaded to change your mind about anything beg off your answer.Our determinations are greatly affected by things that we perceive on an actual experience. We deal with different decision making phase by making decision which we believe is right for us at the given situation. Sometimes decisions were made promptly as caused by panic, which comes out from our subjective evaluation of the situation. The impact of any

The Stanford Prison Study and Obedience of the Masses Essay Example for Free

The Stanford prison house Study and Obedience of the Masses EssayThe Stanford Prison Study conducted by Philip Zimbardo during the early 1970s showed the power of institutions to subject the masses to their own designs, despite the fact that institutions are generally represented by fewer people than the numbers pool constituting the masses. Nevertheless, the study has been harshly criticized because it exposed its subjects to torture. Seeing that scientific studies are essentially designed to benefit humanity at large, the fact that the prison guards inflicted torture upon the prisoners is touching in the eyes of the scientific community. The research should have been stopped at the first instance of torture. However, conditions continued to worsen at the experimental prison created by Zimbardo (Macionis, 2005). Even though the findings of the Stanford Prison Study are valuable in understanding human behavior, the study had been poorly designed because it did not exclude sad ism as well as humiliation of the participants. Nowadays, there are activists act asing against animal torture in scientific experiments. But, the Stanford Prison Study included only humanity in its design.The study is also criticized because its pool of participants was small. What is more, Zimbardo had instructed the false prison guards to instill a sense of fear and powerlessness in the participants. The prison guards were further instructed to work on stripping the participants off their individuality (Stanford Prison, 2007). It is but obvious that an experimental design that does not control for sadism and dehumanization is unethical at best. Besides, a scientific experiment that seeks to instill fear in the participants is comparable to terrorist acts in our times Despite its careless design, the Stanford Prison Study has provided humanity with a helpful means against torture, in addition to blind obedience to authority. In a situation where obedience is demanded of the com mon people, and those demanding obedience are assumed to be powerful bountiful to inflict torture if their demands are not met the common people normally have no choice but to obey. In the process, the latter may drowse off their peace of mind, and some might even have to bear the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder for as long as they live. All the same, the entire sphere bears receive to the truth of subjection and obedience. At all places in the world, the Stanford Prison situation has occurred in one form or another. While countless prisons around the world bear testimony to the fact that prisoners can be emotionally traumatized and jailers can be extremely cruel, a basic example of the situation could be witnessed in abusive homes, where family members must subject themselves to an abusive father or mother for the simple fact that the latter appears as powerful plenteous to inflict torture. masses are also known to subject themselves to cruel circumstances that are often created by bad governments and politics around the world.It is certain that most of the people of Israel and Palestine, for instance, do not wish to engage in war. However, the factions that fight amongst themselves are powerful enough to inflict torture. Hence, the common people feel traumatized and impotent enough to allow the painful situation to persist. Despite the fact that the common people wish for peace, and are greater in number, the groups that invade their peace carry arms which give them a very powerful image. This image is scary enough to make common people extremely obedient. As a matter of fact, the Stanford Prison situation is not unique by any means. People subject themselves to powerful images at all times.Even so, the power of the Stanford Prison Study is the recognition that human beings do not have to believe in images of power and subject themselves to torture. This realization can be strengthened by modern-day invention of quantum reality that is, we are not certain that the powerful images are real. Indeed, it is possible for people to help themselves out of torturous situations.ReferencesMacionis, John J. (2005). Sociology. (Tenth Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson- Prentice Hall.Stanford Prison Study. (2007). Wikipedia. Retrieved 18 July 2007, fromhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanford_prison_experiment.

Floods in India Essay Example for Free

Floods in India EssayIndia, being a peninsular country and surrounded by the Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal, is quite prostrate to flood. As per the Geological Survey of India (GSI), the major flood prone domain of a functions of India cover almost 12.5% area of the country.Every year, flood, the most common disaster in India causes immense loss to the countrys property and lives.India Flood abandoned AreasThe states falling within the periphery of India Flood Prone Areas are West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Assam, Bihar, Gujrat, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Punjab. The intense monsoon rains from southwest causes rivers like Brahmaputra, Ganga, Yamuna etc. to swell their banks, which in turn floods the adjacent areas.Over the past few decades, central India has conk familiar with precipitation events like torrential rains and flash floods. The major flood prone areas in India are the river banks and deltas of Ravi, Yamuna-Sahibi, Gandak, Sutlej, Gan ga, Ghaggar, Kosi, Teesta, Brahmaputra, Mahanadi, Mahananda, Damodar, Godavari, Mayurakshi, Sabarmati and their tributaries.Though the north-Indian plains prone to flood more, the India flood prone areas can be broadly categorized in three divisions Besides the Ganga, rivers like Sarada, Rapti, Gandak and Ghagra causes flood in eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. The Yamuna is famous for flooding Haryana and Delhi. Bihar experiences commodious dangerous flood every year. River Burhi, Bagmati, Gandak, Kamla along with many low-toned rivers contribute to that. In West Bengal, rivers like Mahananda, Bhagirathi, Damodar, Ajay etc. causes floods because of tidal effects and insufficient river channels.* Brahmaputra and Barak Basins The river banks of Brahmaputra and Barak gets inundate due to the Surplus water found in the Brahmaputra basin and the Barak basin. These rivers along with their tributaries flood the northeastern states like West Bengal, Assam and Sikkim. Jaldakha, Teesta and T orsa in northern West Bengal and rivers in Manipur often overflow their banks. * Central India and Deccan Rivers Basin In Orissa, spilling over of river banks by Mahanadi, Baitarni and Brahmani causes havoc.The deltaic area formed by these three rivers is thickly populated. Even some small rivers of Kerala and mud stream from the nearby hills add on to the destruction. Southern and central India observes floods caused by Narmada, Godavari, Tapi, Krishna and Mahanadi due to heavy rainfall. Cyclonic storms in the deltaic regions of Godavari, Mahanadi and Krishna even floods the coastal regions of Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and Tamil Nadu occasionally.

Three Ways That Cigarette Ads Hook Kids Essay Example for Free

Three Ways That Cigarette Ads Hook Kids EssayCigarette consume is prevalent among kids and teens. Tobacco companies invest billions of dollars every year to get children and teens to use tobacco plant. They target children in their advertisements to get them addicted on tushs at an early age. The cigarette companies use many tactics to engage youth advertising through popular medias such as magazines, television and websites, by creating scenarios that relate to kids and by apply youth-targeted flavors in their tobacco.Cigarette smoking in the movies and on television is portrayed as thrilling, fun, sexy and trendy. When smoking is viewed as normal, children tend to adopt the lifestyle. Recent merchandise campaigns for cigarettes seem to have attracted the interest of teens. The ads which are featured in magazines such as, Cosmopolitan, Vogue and Glamour were a hit with girls in their early teens. Special promotional giveaways such as berry-flavored lip balm, purses, cell p hone, and wristbands to lure them. Secondly, cigarette advertisement creates scenarios that relate to kids. For young girls, they have beautiful women making girls think if they smoke they pull up stakes be beautiful.Likewise, they make boys think if they smoke they will get beautiful girls. The people in the ads are relaxing and having a good time. They seem to be confident and popular. These are things children and teens want. Children assume that smoking will help them get these things. Finallytobacco companies use pictures or candy, and fruit-flavored cigarettes to appeal to youth. These sweet flavorings make the tobacco taste better to children making them easy target for early addiction.The strategies employed by tobacco companies through effective advertising are working. Kids are specially vulnerable to the highly addictive nature of tobacco.

Is transformational leadership effective in schools

Is transformational leading good in inculcatesThe leadership behaviour of tame traders is an important persuasion of student performance and the general functioning of the school as a whole. The importance of high quality, impressive leadership has been shown to be one of the major alter factors leading to high performance in schools (Reynolds, 1991 Hallinger and Heck, 1999 Sammons et al, 1995). Several research studies construct shown Effective leadership non only improves educational let oncomes it also ensures that disciplinary problems among students be dole outed effectively. Two major leadership expressions that nurse been predominantly used are transactional and transformational expressions of leadership. While the former is predominantly an instructional elbow room of leadership man a transformational border on tends to be more team based. In applying distinct models of leaders and various approaches to leadership, there has been a general consensus that school leadership differs from organisational leadership, hence a team based approach may be more suitable.School leadership essentially use ups to combine leadership and caution capabilities. Everard and Morris (1990) have laid out five stages of management, wherein setting goals, planning and organizing resources for the achievement of goals and implementing control and corrective procedures are important in achieving the desired objectives. In the mise en scene of transformational leadership styles, Bolman and Deal (1997) are of the view that Poorly managed organizations with strong, charismatic leaders may soar temporarily only to crash shortly thereafter. (Bolman and Deal, 1997 xiii-xiv). In the world-wide place setting, heathenish implications may also need to be taken into consideration in determining what kind of leadership style would be pertinent.On the basis of the above, the research question examined in this study is whether a transformational leadership style is really effective in schools?Definitions of school leadershipOutstanding leadership has ever emerged as a key characteristic of outstanding schools (Beare, Caldwell and Millikan, 198999). The concept of leadership itself however, is not easy to define. There is no correct definition (Cuban, 1988190), but almost of its constituent elements include the process of influence(Leithwood et al, 19996 Ogawa and Bossert, 1995225-6), mostly a social influence (Yuki, 20023) that may be exercised by individuals or by teams (Harris, 2002 Leithwood, 2001).The school as an organization is somewhat different from other organizations. As Mitchell and Tucker (1992) have pointed out, leadership has generally been viewed as the ability to take charge and ensure that the necessary objectives are met, which presents the quality of leadership as being somewhat aggressive. In the school environment however, such a view of leadership might not be entirely appropriate, because aggressive or instruction al leadership would tend to ignore the benefits of teamwork or transformational leadership. With a school environment, leadership would be more to the highest degree leaders extending invitations to the individuals and groups with whom they interact, in shape to build a overlap and evolving vision of enhanced educational experiences for pupils. (Stoll and Fink, 1996 109).Leadership theories and modelsWithin an educational mise en scene, existing leadership practices for school leaders prior to the 1950s were focused upon the lessons to be learnt from the prior experiences of school administrators and their insights into effective practice methods on the basis of their personal experiences. (Heck and Hallinger, 2005). This approach was however unequal to(predicate) and attention shifted to the need to apply scientific principles based on empiricism rather than on the basis of ideals or personal beliefs and experiences.A transactional leadership style involves leaders who exchang e tangible rewards for the work and the loyalty of their followers, thereby adopting a purely practical approach. Transformational leaders on the other hand, are able to do and inspire their followers and raise their consciousness about the desired objectives and outcomes, and how they could be achieved (Gellis, 2001 Judge and Piccolo, 2004). A later approach however, suggested that these two styles of leadership were not necessarily mutually exclusive rather most good leaders appear to demonstrate some traits of both styles of leadership (Judge and Piccolo, 2004755).A transformational leadership style relies generally upon the personality of the leader and his or her capacity to inspire and motivate followers. As Everard and Morris (1985) have pointed out within the school context however, an important task in an educational institution is the reconciliation of value systems of different people in such a manner that a clear statement of aims and beliefs is derived, to which a m ajority of the stakeholders can subscribe. (Everard and Morris, 1985142). This must also be coupled with a clear, educationally focused vision, which articulates a realistic, credible, attractive future for the organization (Deal and Peterson, 1994). While the input, vision and ideals of the whizz are important, the school context requires bringing together the ideas and commitments of a variety of people who have a stake in the success of the school. (Tom Sergiovanni, 1987). As Beare, Caldwell and Millikan (1989) have stated, outstanding leaders are those who have a vision for their school, but they also share this mental picture with everyone in the school community.The vision of the principal is vital because it serves as a pointer to the transportion in which the school should go however, if this vision is the principals alone and is not shared by the other members of the organization, whence staff and students may tend to merely go through the motions rather than actually su pporting the vision and being deeply committed to it.As Hopkins has pointed out, effective school leadership must embrace both the distinctive aspects of the school which set it apart, as well as the inclusive context of the school, which fosters unity of purpose. He points out that there are two aspects to leadership the first is the constitution that one size fits all while on the other hand, is the claim that because severally institution is unique and different, it cannot learn from the experiences of another institution. This principle may be fallacious and school leadership may need to adopt a policy of adapt practices that have been proven to be effective elsewhere and incorporate it within the specific context of their own schools. On this basis, he has suggested policy that school leadership must include both the distinctive and inclusive context of the school. This implies that (a) the context of the school must be embraced in its entirety before every practices proven elsewhere can be incorporated and (b) the particular mix of skills required in school leadership will differ from one context to the other.The contingency model of leadership specifically stipulates that in terms of its contextual variables, each school is unique. Although the homogeneity associated with globalisation tend to produce an assumption that a uniform leadership style may successfully be applied to all schools, this perception may not be strictly correct. Rather, as Dimmock and handcart have suggested, policies and practices should not be imported without due consideration of cultural and contextual appropriateness (Dimmock and Walker, 2000144). Furthermore, Dimmer and Walker (2005) point out that globalization has produced phenomena such as distance education, which has produced an ethnocentric view of educational leadership issues, centred upon issues that are relevant in the US and the UK. But with the globalization of education, indicated that there may be a need to develop a cross cultural, international perspective of educational leadership and management.Another model proposed for educational leadership is the Leadership for nurture model, which is based upon a set of well defined principles that can be used to guide schools, their leaders and school districts in achieving high performance standards and sustaining discipline (www.cebe.us) The basic principles associated with this model are as follows (a) a focus on article of belief, i.e., learning is personalized and occurs in multiple contexts (b) creates setting to promote learning, i.e., providing multiple opportunities for learning and reflections on its nature (c) shares leadership, i.e., invites participation in leadership (d) promotes explicit conversations about leadership and learning, i.e., strengthening the relationship mingled with the two and (e) incorporates mutual accountability, i.e., involving all stakeholders in making judgments about practice and outcomes.The transfo rmational approach applied in schoolsBarnett et al (2001) carried out a study in several state secondary schools in Wales, in which they investigated the relationship that existed between the transactional versus the transformational styles of leadership of the principals, taking into account the school outcomes as well as the school learning culture. The findings in this study suggested that impertinent to what was expected, teacher outcomes such as satisfaction, extra effort and the perception of leader effectiveness were not positive where transformational leadership style were concerned. Rather, transformational leadership behaviour on the part of the principal, in terms of his or her vision and inspiration produced a significant negative association, both with teacher outcomes as well as with student learning culture.A transformational leadership style was however found to be quite effective in bringing about changed practices in teachers in a Dutch study which investigated th e impact of this leadership style in the context of innovation programs. (Geijsel et al, 1999) This study showed that there were three significant dimensions to a transformational leadership style in school leadership, i.e., vision, individual consideration and intellectual stimulation. These three aspects were analyzed in relation to how they influenced teacher concerns, teachers learning activities and teachers changed practices. The impressions showed that a transformational leadership style in school principals appeared to be quite effective in fostering innovative practices and bringing about changes in teacher practices.The direct effect of a transformational leadership style of principals on school staff turnover and school performance was examined in a study carried out by Griffin (2004). The data relied upon for lineage the findings in this study were (a) survey data from elementary school students and teachers and (b) student achievement test scores, derived from the stu dent archives. This study did not demonstrate a direct positive or negative impact of transformational leadership on either student achievement scores or on the turnover of school staff. spark advance transformational leadership showed a positive indirect impact on the job satisfaction of staff members and student achievement scores, which it had an indirect negative impact on staff turnover in terms of reducing the levels of staff turnover and thereby indicating that staff turnover had actually reduced as a result of the principals leadership style. Since the principals transformational style also produced a smaller gap between the achievements of minority and non minority students, this further contributed to high job satisfaction levels.A saucy leadership paradigmThe skills of leadership are even more important in a changing world. As Dilts (no date) points out, most of the existing literature on leadership focuses upon the characteristics of good leaders, but such characterist ics are too vague and general to be of much use. Examining effective leadership styles within the business context may also be ineffective in a school environment, because the organization is geared towards profit making, while schools are geared towards imparting a strong educational foundation for students that does not merely include academic achievement. According to Dilts, effective leadership covers a variety of skills, including self skills, relational skills, strategic and systemic thinking skills and involves a mastery of various elements such as self, relationship, communication and problem space.On this basis, Dilts states that effective leadership in schools needs to address all of three different levels (a) micro leadership, i.e., issues at the levels of environment, behaviour and capability (b) macro leadership, or issues at the level of beliefs, values and role identity and (c) meta leadership or the levels of spirit and identity.Similarly, Dimmer and Walker (2005) ha ve pointed out the need to incorporate cultural elements into the study of school leadership, especially in the context of globalization. They have put forward five propositions to map the manner of future cross cultural research into educational leadership and management. The essence of these propositions is that there is a need to develop a systematic, robust, comparative branch of educational leadership and management (Dimmer and Walker, 2005198). The concept of culture must be clearly defined in order to avoid an over-simplified portrayal of societal differences as Western/Asian. Moreover, it could be difficult to successfully apply transformational leadership styles across different cultures, while a transactional approach that is based upon a simple system of incentives and rewards for the production of certain specific educational outcomes that are measured through tests, is much easier to apply.Bush has outlined different kinds of preparatory programs that principals are ex pected to take up. Daresh and Male (2000) carried out a comparative study of first year principals in Britain and the United States and point out that a significant culture shock is associated with moving into being the head of an institutional institution. Nothing could prepare the respondents.. For the change of perceptions of others or for the intensity of the job. (Daresh and Male, 200095). The major differences between leadership programs for principals in different countries is that some of them require a formal qualification for the position, while in others, this qualification is not mandatory and extensive teaching experience is used as the criterion for appointment.ConclusionsThe research question that has been posed in this study is whether a transformational educational leadership style is really effective in educational leadership. In order to assess the efficacy of transformational leadership in education, the literature review above has also shown the need to incorpor ate cultural perspectives and the level of formal training principals receive. This aspect is especially relevant because not all administrators are able to inspire staff and students or fully render their concerns. An approach to leadership that is derived purely on the basis of past experiences may also not be effective in the present day content. The transactional style of leadership may be effective in terms of applying measurable incentives in achieving the desired outcomes. Theoretically, a transformational approach should be more effective in providing a more successful educational leadership, but as shown above, in actual practice this might not necessarily be the case. The vision and direction of the transformational approach must necessarily be participative if it is to be truly effective. If the vision for the school is purely the principals, then it is not likely to be successful in securing the commitment of the staff and students and may actually produce negative outc omes, especially when it fails to incorporate the cultural perspective.The Leadership for learning model appears to be the most relevant in the school context and it does incorporate a transformational approach in that it focuses on the context of learning however most importantly, it also provides for a shared leadership. This indicates that the schools would need to develop a common vision and goals based upon the active participation of the principal, teachers and the students. This is the important aspect of transformational leadership which must be introduced if it is to be successful, i.e., the participative element. It could be successful in bringing about necessary changes in both students and teachers and also achieving the desired grades and educational outcomes, if the processes and procedures which are developed are based upon a common vision and common goals which the principal develops in association and with the active participation of all members of a school communit y, This would ensure commitment from everyone towards achieving those goals.